PLA is better than ABS for recycling because it is biodegradable, compostable, and derived from renewable sources. ABS, on the other hand, is made from petroleum, emits toxic fumes when heated, and is not easily recyclable. In this article, we will compare and contrast the two materials in terms of their environmental impact, properties, and applications.
PLA stands for polylactic acid, a type of thermoplastic polymer that can be made from corn starch, sugarcane, or other plant-based materials. PLA is one of the most popular materials for 3D printing, as it is easy to use, inexpensive, and versatile. PLA can also be used for packaging, disposable utensils, medical devices, and textiles.
What is ABS?
ABS stands for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, another type of thermoplastic polymer that is commonly used for injection molding, automotive parts, Lego bricks, and musical instruments. ABS is strong, durable, and resistant to heat and impact. However, ABS is also more expensive, harder to print, and prone to warping and cracking.
Why is PLA better for recycling?
PLA is better for recycling than ABS for several reasons. First, PLA is biodegradable, which means it can be broken down by microorganisms into harmless substances. PLA can also be composted in industrial facilities, where it can degrade within a few months under controlled conditions. PLA can also be recycled mechanically, by melting and reshaping it, or chemically, by breaking it down into its monomers and repolymerizing it.
ABS, on the other hand, is not biodegradable or compostable, and can only be recycled mechanically. However, mechanical recycling of ABS is not widely available, as it requires sorting, cleaning, and processing of the material. Moreover, mechanical recycling of ABS can reduce its quality and performance, as it can introduce impurities, defects, and degradation. ABS can also emit harmful gases such as styrene and acrylonitrile when heated, which can pose health and environmental risks.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of PLA and ABS?
Both PLA and ABS have their own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the intended use and application. Here are some of the main pros and cons of each material:
Table
Material
Pros
Cons
PLA
– Biodegradable, compostable, and renewable
– Low melting point and poor heat resistance
– Easy to print and low cost
– Brittle and low impact strength
– Good surface finish and detail
– Prone to moisture absorption and UV degradation
ABS
– Strong, durable, and flexible
– Non-biodegradable, non-compostable, and petroleum-based
– High heat and impact resistance
– High cost and difficult to print
– Good mechanical and electrical properties
– Toxic fumes and environmental hazards
How to choose between PLA and ABS?
The choice between PLA and ABS depends on the purpose, design, and requirements of the product or project. PLA is more suitable for low-stress, low-temperature, and short-term applications, such as prototypes, models, toys, and art. ABS is more suitable for high-stress, high-temperature, and long-term applications, such as functional parts, tools, and electronics.
However, there are also other factors to consider, such as the availability, compatibility, and safety of the material. PLA is more widely available, compatible with most 3D printers, and safer to use than ABS. ABS is less available, requires a heated bed and enclosure, and poses more health and environmental risks than PLA.
Conclusion
PLA is better than ABS for recycling, as it is biodegradable, compostable, and derived from renewable sources. ABS is made from petroleum, emits toxic fumes when heated, and is not easily recyclable. However, PLA and ABS have their own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the intended use and application. PLA is more suitable for low-stress, low-temperature, and short-term applications, while ABS is more suitable for high-stress, high-temperature, and long-term applications. Therefore, the choice between PLA and ABS should be based on the purpose, design, and requirements of the product or project.
